Sexually Transmitted Infections
moving beyond the stigma
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs), previously labelled sexually transmitted diseases and venereal disease, have been documented in humans as far back as ancient civilizations. As the name changes suggest, they have been scientifically misunderstood (not all infections are diseases) and the subject of intense stigma (the term ‘venereal’ connotes lewd, inappropriate or otherwise ‘unhealthy’ sexual conduct).
Despite the advances in medical science and better access to information, education and testing, the stigma surrounding STIs is still wide-spread. For many, the connection between sexual conduct and infection, promotes shame and fear, even to the extent of feeling that contracting an STI is some form of punishment for promiscuity or irresponsibility.
The Impact of STI Stigma
The consequences of STI stigma impact both individuals and society at large.
Avoidance – Shame and fear are associated with a reluctance to seek testing or treatment. This worsens overall public health outcomes as untreated infections circulate.
Misinformation – The absence of open discussion about STIs, symptoms and current treatments, allows stigmatising myths to persist. Moreover, lack of accurate information prevents individuals from taking appropriate prophylactic measures.
For individuals diagnosed with an STI, feelings of guilt, shame and anxiety may become overwhelming. This is particularly the case in communities where people have not received comprehensive sexual health education, leading to individuals becoming social isolated as a result of feeling unworthy or fearing rejection.
How to Reduce STI Stigma
Whilst changes in government policy are necessary to promote sexual health services and provide comprehensive sex education, as individuals we can all take action to reduce STI stigma.
Normalising – STIs are a common health issue and can be either cured or managed with treatment. For example, HIV treatment has now progressed to the stage where it can be both undetectable and untransmissible (U=U).
Open Non-Judgmental Discussion – Talking about STIs in a factual, non-judgmental way is an important step to breaking stigma. For example, discussions about testing centres and regular check-ups encourages a shift in cultural attitudes and moral judgments.
Support – For anyone who has or is concerned they may have an STI, offering support is critical. Opting for compassion and rejecting shame-based narratives helps individuals to cope with internalised negative beliefs and seek proper care.
Counselling Support
An STI diagnoses can bring up a range of emotions such as shame, guilt, anxiety or fear of rejection. Counselling provides a safe and supportive space to work through these feelings and develop health coping strategies.
Emotional Support – Working through internalised beliefs that give rise to shame and guilt empowers individuals to reject the notion that their diagnosis reflects their personal value. Re-establishing self-confidence and self-worth is an important step in establishing good mental health.
Relationship Issues – Discussing an STI diagnosis with current or potential partners can be overwhelming. Working with a counsellor can help individuals navigate dating, foster understanding and develop clear, honest and confident communication skills.
Coping with Lifestyle Adjustments – Those STIs requiring long-term medical management can be the most stigmatised and support in following treatment plans and addressing lifestyle adjustments can be invaluable.
Sex-Positive Approach – Working with a sex-positive counsellor ensures that clients can learn to prioritise pleasure, safety and consent. An STI diagnosis does not define a client’s sexual identity and counselling can support the client as they move forward with their life.
If you or someone you love is struggling with an STI diagnosis, anxious about testing, or needs support with STI stigma, Unicorn Care is here to help.